Install Istio with Pod Security Admission

Follow this guide to install, configure, and use an Istio mesh with the Pod Security admission controller (PSA⁵) enforcing the baseline policy⁶ on namespaces in the mesh.

By default Istio injects an init container, istio-init, in pods deployed in the mesh. The istio-init requires the user or service-account deploying pods to the mesh to have sufficient Kubernetes RBAC permissions to deploy containers with the NET_ADMIN and NET_RAW capabilities.

However, the baseline policy does not include NET_ADMIN or NET_RAW in its allowed capabilities. In order to avoid enforcing the privileged policy in all meshed namespaces, it is necessary to use Istio mesh with the Istio Container Network Interface plugin⁷. The istio-cni-node DaemonSet in the istio-system namespace requires hostPath volumes to access local CNI directories. Since this is not allowed in the baseline policy, the namespace where the CNI DaemonSet will be deployed needs to enforce the privileged policy. By default, this namespace is istio-system.

Install Istio with PSA

1. Create the istio-system namespace and label it to enforce the privileged policy.

   $ kubectl create namespace istio-system
   $ kubectl label --overwrite ns istio-system \
       pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=privileged \
       pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version=latest
   namespace/istio-system labeled

2. Install Istio with CNI on a Kubernetes cluster version 1.25 or later.

   $ istioctl install --set components.cni.enabled=true -y
   ✔ Istio core installed
   ✔ Istiod installed
   ✔ Ingress gateways installed
   ✔ CNI installed
   ✔ Installation complete

Deploy the sample application

1. Add a namespace label to enforce the baseline policy for the default namespace where the demo application will run:

   $ kubectl label --overwrite ns default \
       pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce=baseline \
       pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version=latest
   namespace/default labeled

2. Deploy the sample application using the PSA enabled configuration resources:

   Zip

   $ kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo-psa.yaml8
   service/details created
   serviceaccount/bookinfo-details created
   deployment.apps/details-v1 created
   service/ratings created
   serviceaccount/bookinfo-ratings created
   deployment.apps/ratings-v1 created
   service/reviews created
   serviceaccount/bookinfo-reviews created
   deployment.apps/reviews-v1 created
   deployment.apps/reviews-v2 created
   deployment.apps/reviews-v3 created
   service/productpage created
   serviceaccount/bookinfo-productpage created
   deployment.apps/productpage-v1 created

3. Verify that the app is running inside the cluster and serving HTML pages by checking for the page title in the response:

   $ kubectl exec "$(kubectl get pod -l app=ratings -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}')" -c ratings -- curl -sS productpage:9080/productpage | grep -o "<title>.*</title>"
   <title>Simple Bookstore App</title>

Uninstall

1. Delete the sample application

   $ kubectl delete -f samples/bookinfo/platform/kube/bookinfo-psa.yaml
   

2. Delete the labels on the default namespace

   $ kubectl label namespace default pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce- pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce-version-
   

3. Uninstall Istio

   $ istioctl uninstall -y --purge
   

4. Delete the istio-system namespace

   $ kubectl delete namespace istio-system